Intrauterine Adhesion Diagnosis

Intrauterine adhesion is a gynecological condition caused by endometrial damage, leading to fibrous adhesions between the uterine walls, affecting menstruation and fertility. If not identified and treated early, it can progress to severe menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, or secondary infertility. Diagnosis depends on a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, gynecological examination, and multiple imaging methods to determine the extent and severity of adhesions.

Diagnostic Basis of Intrauterine Adhesion

1. Medical History and Symptom Inquiry

Detailed medical history must be obtained, including whether the patient has undergone induced abortion, curettage, cesarean section, or intrauterine infection. If accompanied by symptoms such as reduced menstrual flow, amenorrhea, or infertility, suspicion of intrauterine adhesion should be raised.

2. Gynecological Examination

Basic gynecological examination can preliminarily evaluate changes in uterine volume and cervical patency. Findings such as cervical canal obstruction or tenderness suggest possible adhesions or uterine abnormalities.

3. Ultrasound Examination (Sonography)

Transvaginal ultrasound is a preliminary imaging method that can detect abnormalities such as endometrial thickness, intrauterine fluid accumulation, and uterine cavity shape changes, providing evidence for further examination.

4. Hysterosalpingography (HSG)

HSG can directly show whether the uterine cavity contour is regular, determine the distribution and degree of adhesions, and simultaneously assess fallopian tube patency while detecting uterine abnormalities.

5. Hysteroscopy (Gold Standard)

Hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing intrauterine adhesions. It allows direct visualization of the uterine cavity to determine the location, extent, and severity of adhesions, and therapeutic adhesiolysis can be performed simultaneously.

6. Endometrial Biopsy

Endometrial sampling may be performed in suspected cases to rule out endometrial developmental abnormalities or inflammatory lesions, assisting in identifying the cause of adhesions and planning treatment.

7. Menstrual Record and Hormonal Evaluation

For patients with long-term hypomenorrhea or amenorrhea, serum hormone levels (such as FSH, LH, and E2) can be assessed to evaluate endocrine function and the impact of adhesions on menstruation.

8. 3D Ultrasound or MRI Imaging

In some cases, 3D ultrasound or MRI can provide clearer imaging of uterine cavity structures, allowing detection of small or complex adhesions and offering precise preoperative information.

Conclusion

Delayed diagnosis of intrauterine adhesion can cause irreversible effects on female fertility and quality of life. Experts at United Life International Medical Center emphasize that women with menstrual abnormalities or infertility should undergo systematic evaluation as early as possible, especially hysteroscopy for definitive diagnosis. Combined with new technologies such as stem cell therapy, better recovery and fertility restoration can be achieved.