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Vulvar cancer refers to malignant tumors occurring in female vulvar structures (such as the labia majora/minora, clitoris, and perineal region), predominantly squamous cell carcinoma. It is commonly seen in women over 50 years old. Early lesions are localized but become more aggressive as the disease progresses, possibly spreading to lymph nodes or adjacent structures, requiring comprehensive treatment.
The annual incidence of vulvar cancer in developed countries is about 1–2 per 100,000, more common in Europe and North America. In Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand and Vietnam, incidence rates are slightly higher, possibly related to HPV infection and hygiene conditions, though overall it remains a low-incidence cancer.
In the United States, about 6,900 new cases of vulvar cancer are diagnosed annually, with approximately 1,630 deaths per year. Most patients are diagnosed at an early stage, with stage distribution at diagnosis as follows: localized (59%), spread to local organs and lymph nodes (30%), distant metastasis (6%). In the U.S., the 5-year survival rate after diagnosis is 72.1%, and the median age at death is 78 years.
1. Local destruction and pain
Vulvar cancer can form masses or ulcers on the vulva, causing bleeding, exudation, and persistent pain, which affect daily sitting and movement.
2. Risk of lymphatic metastasis
Most cases are squamous cell carcinoma, easily involving inguinal lymph nodes, leading to local swelling or pain, significantly worsening prognosis.
3. Psychological and social impact
Because the vulvar region is private and sensitive, lesions often cause shame, low self-esteem, and anxiety, affecting sexual life and interpersonal relationships.
4. Increasing treatment difficulty
If the tumor is poorly localized or recurrent, surgery may need to be more extensive, potentially affecting vulvar function and structural integrity.
Immune reconstruction cell therapy amplifies and activates the patient’s own immune cells (such as CAR-T, CIK, etc.) ex vivo, enhancing the body’s ability to recognize and eliminate vulvar cancer cells. It can be used postoperatively as an adjuvant or for recurrent patients to reduce residual lesions. By activating tumor-infiltrating immune cells, it improves long-term control rates and enhances quality of life.
In clinical practice, cancer patients undergoing traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy often face immune dysfunction, increased infection risks, and slow recovery. To help patients better tolerate treatment, improve outcomes, and enhance quality of life, phased immune reconstruction plans tailored to different treatment cycles are needed.
● Short-term plan: Quickly enhance immunity through immune cell reinfusion to strengthen anti-tumor treatment efficacy.
● Mid-term plan: Reduce side effects of traditional treatments, promote recovery, and complete standardized treatment courses.
● Long-term plan: Improve overall immunity through immune cell reconstruction, gut immune reconstruction, elemental immune reconstruction, and immune nutrition reconstruction, thereby improving quality of life and extending survival.
1. Surgical excision
Surgery is the primary treatment for vulvar cancer, including local excision, wide excision, and inguinal lymph node dissection. The aim is to completely remove tumor tissue while preserving vulvar function and appearance as much as possible.
2. Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy uses radiation to kill cancer cells and may be used alone or in combination with surgery. It can be applied as preoperative adjuvant therapy, postoperative adjuvant therapy, or palliative treatment for advanced disease.
3. Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves intravenous infusion of drugs to kill cancer cells. It can be used alone or in combination with surgery and radiotherapy. The drugs circulate throughout the body, reaching tumor tissues.
4. Chemotherapy and targeted therapy
For locally advanced or metastatic patients, platinum-based drugs combined with taxanes are the standard regimen. New drugs targeting the EGFR or PI3K pathways are also being explored in research.
Although vulvar cancer is a low-incidence cancer, it significantly impacts physical and psychological health. Timely diagnosis and comprehensive treatment are critical. Experts at United Life International Medical Center state that combining immune reconstruction cell therapy with surgery, radiotherapy, and other approaches can maximize lesion control, reduce recurrence, and improve quality of life.
