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Malignant tumors involving the small intestine are rare. Adenocarcinoma accounts for 25%–40% of primary small intestinal malignancies, typically occurring between ages 50–70, with a slightly higher incidence in males. Patients with predisposing factors (such as Crohn’s disease) tend to develop the disease at a younger age.
The incidence of duodenal cancer is relatively low worldwide, but rising in developed countries and some Asian nations. In Europe and the U.S., due to dietary and lifestyle changes, cases are gradually increasing. Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand and Vietnam have also reported cases, warranting attention.
In the United States, there are about 14,000 new cases annually and 2,000 deaths from small intestinal cancer. Although the small intestine accounts for 75% of the digestive tract’s length and over 90% of its surface area, small intestinal malignancies make up less than 5% of all gastrointestinal cancers.
1. Highly invasive cancer cells
Duodenal cancer tends to invade nearby tissues and lymph nodes early, with cancer cells quickly spreading to the liver, peritoneum, and other areas, leading to disease progression.
2. Digestive dysfunction
Once the tumor obstructs the duodenum, patients often develop indigestion, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, seriously affecting food absorption and causing malnutrition and weight loss.
3. Difficulty in treatment
Due to the complex anatomy of the duodenum, surgery is technically challenging. Patients in advanced stages often face limited treatment options, and the rapid progression further complicates management.
4. Impaired quality of life
Pain, digestive issues, and treatment side effects significantly reduce quality of life. The psychological burden also increases, affecting overall recovery.
Immune reconstruction cell therapy enhances recognition and destruction of tumors by activating the patient’s own immune system, significantly improving treatment outcomes.
In clinical practice, patients undergoing surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy often face immune suppression, increased infection risk, and slow recovery. To support patients throughout treatment, enhance tolerance, and improve survival and quality of life, it is necessary to develop scientifically phased immune reconstruction plans.
● Short-term plan: Rapidly enhance immunity through immune cell transfusion to strengthen antitumor treatment effects.
● Mid-term plan: Reduce side effects of conventional treatments, promote recovery, and complete standard treatment courses.
● Long-term plan: Rebuild immune cells, intestinal immunity, elemental immunity, and nutritional immunity to comprehensively strengthen immunity, improve quality of life, and extend survival.
1. Surgical treatment
Surgery is the main curative option for duodenal cancer, especially effective in early-stage patients. With the advancement of laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgery, minimally invasive surgery has become mainstream, reducing recovery time and postoperative complications.
2. Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy is mainly used as an adjuvant after surgery and for local control. Modern intensity-modulated radiation therapy improves precision, protecting normal tissues and reducing side effects.
3. Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is often used as adjuvant or late-stage treatment, with drugs such as fluorouracil and platinum-based compounds. Chemotherapy helps control disease progression and delay tumor growth.
4. Minimally invasive treatment methods
Techniques such as endoscopic tumor resection and radiofrequency ablation provide low-trauma treatment options for early or localized cases and are increasingly being applied.
Duodenal cancer is a complex disease with high invasiveness and treatment challenges. Experts at the United Life International Medical Center emphasize that early detection and individualized comprehensive treatment, particularly when combined with immune reconstruction cell therapy, can significantly improve survival and quality of life. Patients are encouraged to actively cooperate with professional treatment and manage their condition scientifically.
