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Duodenal cancer is a malignant tumor that originates from the mucosa of the duodenum. Early symptoms are not obvious, and if not diagnosed and treated in time, cancer cells may quickly infiltrate surrounding tissues and metastasize, increasing treatment difficulty and worsening prognosis. Clinically, by combining multiple diagnostic methods, early detection of lesions can be achieved, providing the basis for individualized treatment.
1. Endoscopic Examination
Gastroscopy or duodenoscopy is the preferred method for diagnosing duodenal cancer. Doctors can directly visualize the lesion site through endoscopy, observe tumor morphology, and obtain biopsy tissue for pathological confirmation. Endoscopy can detect early lesions and also assist in minimally invasive treatment operations.
2. Imaging Examination
This includes gastrointestinal contrast imaging, CT scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which are used to assess tumor size, extent of invasion, and lymph node metastasis. CT and MRI provide three-dimensional anatomical information, aiding in the formulation of surgical and radiotherapy plans.
3. Pathological Diagnosis
Pathological analysis of biopsy tissue is the gold standard for confirming duodenal cancer. By observing the morphology and degree of differentiation of cancer cells under a microscope, the tumor type and malignancy can be clarified, providing a basis for treatment decisions.
4. Laboratory Tests
Hematological tests include tumor marker detection, such as CEA and CA19-9, which assist in diagnosis and efficacy monitoring. Although not specific, they can reflect tumor burden and risk of recurrence.
5. Molecular Diagnosis
Some patients may undergo genetic mutation testing to guide the selection of targeted and immunotherapies, improving the precision of individualized treatment.
Experts from United Life International Medical Center point out that the diagnosis of duodenal cancer should combine multiple methods, with emphasis on early screening and pathological biopsy, to avoid treatment delays. Standardized diagnostic procedures are an important guarantee for improving treatment success rates and patient survival quality.
