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Tongue cancer refers to normal tongue cells transforming into abnormal cells that grow uncontrollably, with more than 90% being squamous cell carcinoma. Some tongue cancers develop from tongue leukoplakia, which appears as white/gray patches. Symptoms of tongue cancer include difficulty swallowing, pain (odynophagia, earache), obstructive sleep apnea or snoring, bleeding, or neck masses. Tongue cancer is an aggressive cancer with a high local recurrence rate, and therefore postoperative radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, is usually performed.
Tongue cancer has been reported in many countries worldwide, with higher incidence in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Tobacco and alcohol are the main risk factors, and the proportion of male patients is significantly higher than that of females. Although the incidence is relatively low in developed countries, due to population aging, tongue cancer cases are still increasing.
1. Tissue Destruction
Tongue cancer tumors erode tongue tissue, leading to local ulceration and pain, affecting chewing, swallowing, and speech functions. In severe cases, it may involve the jawbone and other oral structures, causing irreversible damage.
2. Functional Loss
The tongue is an important organ for speech and swallowing. Cancer impairs these functions, and patients often experience difficulty swallowing and speech disorders, severely affecting quality of life.
3. Risk of Distant Metastasis
Tongue cancer easily spreads through the lymphatic system to the cervical lymph nodes, and in advanced stages may metastasize to distant sites, increasing treatment difficulty and mortality risk.
Immune reconstruction cell therapy activates the patient's own immune system to accurately identify and eliminate cancer cells. This therapy has significant advantages:
① Enhances the killing activity of immune cells, strengthening the anti-tumor response;
② Reduces side effects on normal tissues;
③ Can work synergistically with traditional treatments to improve efficacy and reduce recurrence rates.
In clinical practice, tumor patients undergoing surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy often face immune function damage, increased infection risk, and slow recovery. To help patients better withstand treatment, improve tolerance, and enhance survival quality, it is necessary to scientifically formulate phased immune reconstruction plans for different treatment cycles.
● Short-term plan: Rapidly enhance immunity through immune cell transfusion, strengthening the effect of anti-tumor treatments.
● Mid-term plan: Reduce side effects of traditional treatments, promote recovery, and complete standard treatment courses.
● Long-term plan: Improve overall immunity through immune cell reconstruction, gut immunity reconstruction, elemental immunity reconstruction, and immune nutrition reconstruction, thereby improving quality of life and prolonging survival.
1. Surgical Treatment
Surgical removal is the preferred treatment for tongue cancer. Depending on tumor size and location, partial or total glossectomy is performed, combined with neck lymph node dissection to control local lesions. Postoperative recovery of function and appearance are important considerations.
2. Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy is often used as adjuvant treatment after surgery to reduce recurrence risk, or as primary treatment for patients who cannot undergo surgery. Modern techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can precisely target tumors while maximizing protection of normal tissues.
3. Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is mainly used for advanced tongue cancer or preoperatively to shrink tumors. Common drugs include platinum-based agents and paclitaxel. Chemotherapy can enhance the effect of radiotherapy and improve treatment success rates.
4. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
Photosensitizers are administered intravenously or locally, and specific laser irradiation activates them to produce reactive oxygen species that selectively kill tumor cells. It is minimally invasive, preserves function, and is suitable for very early superficial cancers or precancerous lesions. Strict light avoidance is required after treatment.
5. Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)
Electrode needles are inserted into the tumor, and high-frequency current generates heat that causes coagulative necrosis of tissues. The procedure is relatively simple and minimally invasive. It is suitable for small, superficially located tongue cancers or as a palliative treatment.
6. Cryotherapy
Extremely low-temperature cryogenic agents such as liquid nitrogen are used to destroy tumor cells through repeated freeze-thaw cycles. It is minimally invasive. In tongue cancer, its application is relatively limited, mainly for small recurrent lesions or palliative treatment in certain cases.
As a highly harmful oral malignant tumor, timely and effective treatment of tongue cancer is crucial. Experts at the United Life International Medical Center emphasize that immune reconstruction cell therapy combined with multiple traditional methods can provide better prognosis and quality of life for patients. Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment are key to prevention and control.
