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Brain cancer is a group of malignant tumors originating from various brain cells, primarily including gliomas. It occurs more often in middle-aged and elderly individuals, though children and adolescents can also be affected. Due to the brain’s complex structure and the aggressive nature of tumors, treatment is highly challenging and poses a serious threat to life.
Globally, brain cancer patients are mainly concentrated in developed Western countries such as the United States, Germany, and France. In recent years, Southeast Asian countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand have also seen a significant rise in incidence. Brain cancer often leads to neurological dysfunction, severely affecting patients’ quality of life and life expectancy.
Stage I: Localized tumor
The tumor is confined to the primary site without spreading to surrounding brain tissue or other areas. Symptoms are mild at this stage, and treatment outcomes are favorable, with a 5-year survival rate of about 70%-80%. Early intervention is critical.
Stage II: Local invasion
The tumor begins to invade nearby brain tissue, possibly causing localized neurological dysfunction. Symptoms gradually worsen, treatment becomes more difficult, and the 5-year survival rate drops to 50%-60%.
Stage III: Extensive spread
The tumor spreads to multiple brain regions, affecting multiple functional areas. Symptoms become severe, daily functioning is greatly reduced, and the 5-year survival rate is about 30%-40%.
Stage IV: Distant metastasis and extensive invasion
The tumor metastasizes distantly or extensively invades the brain. The condition is extremely severe, treatment is highly challenging, and the 5-year survival rate is below 10%, typical of late-stage patients.
1. Persistent headache
Headache is the most common early symptom of brain cancer, typically persistent and worsening. It often comes with a feeling of pressure, particularly noticeable in the morning and at night, severely affecting daily life and sleep.
2. Nausea and vomiting
Due to increased intracranial pressure, patients often experience nausea and vomiting, especially in the morning. These symptoms may indicate large tumors or hydrocephalus.
3. Visual disturbances
When the tumor compresses the optic nerve or optic chiasm, patients may develop blurred vision, narrowed visual fields, or double vision. Severe cases may result in significant vision loss.
4. Limb weakness and motor dysfunction
Tumor pressure on the motor cortex or nerve fibers may cause unilateral limb weakness, poor coordination, or even partial paralysis.
5. Language and cognitive impairment
If the language center is affected, patients may experience speech difficulties, slurred speech, or comprehension problems, often accompanied by memory decline and confusion.
6. Seizures
Tumor irritation of brain tissue may trigger various types of seizures, including convulsions and loss of consciousness, greatly disrupting daily life.
7. Altered consciousness and psychiatric symptoms
In mid to late stages, patients may develop drowsiness, confusion, or coma. Emotional disturbances such as mood swings, anxiety, and depression are also common.
8. Local cranial mass and deformity
In advanced stages, large tumors may cause visible cranial swelling or deformity, even compressing the skull, affecting appearance and quality of life.
9. Other neurological symptoms
Patients may also experience balance disorders, sensory abnormalities, and hearing loss, severely impairing daily living and social interactions.
Experts at United Life International Medical Center remind: Brain cancer presents with diverse and rapidly progressing symptoms. Early recognition and treatment are essential. Immune reconstruction cell therapy, as an innovative treatment, offers more effective options for brain cancer patients, significantly improving survival and quality of life. High-risk groups are advised to undergo regular screenings and seek medical care promptly to enable early diagnosis and treatment.
