Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by continuous decline in cognition and memory. It is the most common cause of dementia and one of the leading causes of disability and death among elderly populations, posing a significant global public health challenge.
According to the World Health Organization, there are currently about 55 million dementia patients worldwide, 60%–70% of whom have Alzheimer's disease. By 2050, this number is expected to rise to 139 million. In the United States, about 6.5 million people aged 65 and older are living with Alzheimer's disease. The number of patients in China is also rapidly increasing, making it an important public health issue.
① Cognitive impairment: Patients experience memory decline, language problems, and reduced judgment, affecting daily life.
② Behavioral and psychological symptoms: Depression, anxiety, hallucinations, and delusions may occur, adding difficulty to caregiving.
③ Loss of self-care ability: As the disease progresses, patients may lose the ability to perform basic activities such as eating and dressing, relying on others for care.
④ Social and economic burden: Long-term care needs place enormous pressure on families and healthcare systems, increasing the socioeconomic burden.
Neural reconstruction centered on stem cell therapy is one of the most promising treatments for Alzheimer's disease following conventional methods. Stem cells can promote neuroregeneration, secrete growth factors, support neuronal survival, and improve vascular function in the brain, offering positive benefits for Alzheimer's treatment.
① Medication:
● Cholinesterase inhibitors: Such as donepezil and galantamine, which can increase acetylcholine levels and improve cognition.
● NMDA receptor antagonists: Such as memantine, which modulates glutamate activity, protects neurons, and is suitable for moderate to severe cases.
② Non-drug therapies:
● Cognitive training: Activities such as memory exercises and problem-solving stimulate brain function.
● Physical therapy: Includes exercise and balance training to maintain physical function.
● Psychological support: Provides counseling for patients and families to ease anxiety and depression.
③ Lifestyle interventions:
● Healthy diet: Mediterranean-style diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish support brain health.
● Regular exercise: Moderate aerobic activity promotes circulation and delays cognitive decline.
● Social engagement: Participation in social and intellectual activities helps maintain cognitive function.
Alzheimer's disease poses a major global health challenge. While there is currently no cure, medications, non-drug therapies, and healthy lifestyle interventions can alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Experts at United Life International Medical Center note that with the development of regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy offers a new direction for Alzheimer's disease treatment.